વાંચન અભિયાન અંતર્ગત પ્રસારિત થયેલ બાયસેગ પ્રસારણ નો વિડિઓ જોવો.

Indira Gandhi did not get to experience a stable family life even in childhood. The reason for this was that in 1936, at the age of 18, his mother Kamala Nehru died after a long struggle due to tuberculosis and his father was always busy with the freedom movement.

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru understood the importance of education quite well. This is the reason why he managed the primary education of daughter Indira at home. He was later enrolled in a school. After completing her schooling in 1934–35, Indira joined the 'Vishva-Bharati University' set up by Rabindranath Tagore in Santiniketan.
He then enrolled in Oxford in 1937. Since childhood, Indira Gandhi was very fond of reading magazines and books which continued even during school days. One advantage of this was that she was not limited to books of general knowledge only, but she also got a lot of knowledge of the country and the world and she became proficient in the art of expression. He had no match in the debate competition organized by the school.
Despite this, she has always been a mediocre student. She could not achieve any special skills in subjects other than English. But he had a very good grasp on the English language. The reason for this was the long letters written by Father Pandit Nehru to him in English, because Pandit Nehru was such a good knowledgeer of the English language that even Lord Mountbatten's English seemed to have faded in front of him.

In 1942, Indira Gandhi was married to Feroze Gandhi. Indira met Parsi youngster Feroze Gandhi while studying at the University of Oxford, who was then studying at the London School of Economics. In later days, the friendship of both of them grew to such an extent that they decided to get married and Indira Gandhi put forward this idea to Pandit Nehru. But Pandit Nehru was not ready for this because he believed that marriage should take place in a homogeneous family.

He himself considered the order of his father Pandit Motilal Nehru. He also tried to convince Indira in many ways but Indira's insistence remained. Seeing no way out then Nehru agreed to his consent. After marriage, she gave birth to Rajiv Gandhi in 1944 and Sanjay Gandhi two years later. Initially, their marital life was fine, but later it soured and their relationship continued to falter for many years. Meanwhile, Feroze Gandhi died on 8 September 1960 when Indira went on a foreign tour with her father.

Indira Gandhi inherited political ideology in a family environment. After returning to India from Oxford in 1941, she joined the Indian independence movement. During the partition of India in 1947, he helped organize refugee camps and provide medical care for millions of refugees from Pakistan. This was his first major public service. Gradually, he grew in stature in the party.

She also became the President of the Congress Party in 1959 at the age of 42. On this, many critics blamed Pandit Nehru for spreading familism in the party. After the demise of Nehru on 27 May 1964, Indira won the election and became Minister of Information and Broadcasting.

After the untimely death of Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri, the second Prime Minister of India on 11 January 1966, Mrs. Indira Gandhi became the third and first woman Prime Minister of India on 24 January 1966. After this, she became the Prime Minister of the country for three consecutive terms 1967–1977 and again for the fourth time in 1980–84. She could win the 1967 election with a very small majority but again in 1971 she became the Prime Minister with an overwhelming majority and remained till 1977. After 1977, she again became the Prime Minister in 1980 and remained the Prime Minister till 1984.

There were many ups and downs during the reign of Indira Gandhi, who was Prime Minister of the country for 16 years. But Indira Gandhi also had to face heavy protests and fierce criticisms on several issues such as the Sikh riot in the Emergency 1984 in 1975. Despite this, Indira Gandhi, born in the year of the Russian Revolution, defeated Pakistan in the 1971 war with the policy and timely decision-ability not to bow down to the world powers and liberated Bangladesh and gave independent India a new proud moment. But on 31 October 1984, she had to be shot by her organist and she was sacrificed for the unity and integrity of the country.
Sardar Patel participated in the freedom movement inspired by Mahatma Gandhi. Sardar Patel made his first contribution to this battle in the Kheda struggle, when the Kheda region was in the grip of drought and the farmers there demanded a tax exemption from the British government. When the British government did not accept this demand, Sardar Patel, Mahatma Gandhi and others led the peasants and motivated them not to pay taxes. In the end the government had to bow down and farmers were given tax relief.

This is how Sardar Patel got his name:
Sardar Patel got the name Sardar, after the Bardoli Satyagraha, when he was called the Sardar of Bardoli for doing a strong Satyagraha in Bardoli town. Later Sardar became associated with his name.

Contribution: After independence, most of the provincial committees were in favor of Sardar Patel. As Gandhiji wished, Sardar Patel distanced himself from the race for the post of Prime Minister and supported Jawaharlal Nehru. Later he was given the post of Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister, after which his first priority was to include indigenous princely states in India. He did this task without any big fight. But Army had to be sent for Operation Polo of Hyderabad.


Since Sardar Patel's contribution to the integration of India was extremely important, he was called the Iron Man of India. He died in India on 15 December 1950 and this iron man said goodbye to the world.

વાંચન અભિયાન અંતર્ગત પ્રસારિત થયેલ બાયસેગ પ્રસારણ નો વિડિઓ જોવો.

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